Since reform and opening up, and obtained the rapid development of journalism in China, under the influence of various factors, some of the news media and journalists there was breach of professional ethics in varying degrees, damage the credibility and image of the news media, strengthen the construction of professional ethics of journalists for the prosperity of journalism in China, and promoting socialist spiritual civilization has a significant theoretical and practical significance. In this article on the basis of professional ethics of journalists to describe, analyses the behavior of professional morality anomie in current journalists working in China and why. From perfect legislation on these issues, strengthen their professional ethics of journalists, perfect the restraint mechanism of news units and strengthen social supervision on ways of strengthening the construction of professional ethics of journalists expressed some views.
First, the professional ethics of journalists
The so-called journalists ‘ professional ethics, refers to the process as a whole in professional activities of journalists, must follow and are engaged in professional activities that adapt to the norms and standards of conduct. It is an integral part of social morality. It mainly includes public information work vision, journalistic responsibility and business skills, journalism news journalism honor and conscience of five parts.
(A) journalistic ideals
Journalistic ideals refers to the selection of the work on information and journalistic desire and pursuit of the achievement. In the life of anyone in his journalistic work, is bound to be faced with the choice of journalism and on basic journalistic achievement tendency. Therefore, the journalistic ideals are treated an overall understanding and attitudes of journalism, is a core part of journalism ethics or “soul”, journalists only a lofty ideal and correct attitude to work in the news is shown in a good mental state.
(Ii) journalistic responsibility
More generally, the responsibility is the obligation, therefore public information responsibility practitioners to the community and the public is the journalistic obligations. News work life, journalistic responsibility is a universal moral and ethical demands. News from workers on the social responsibility can, in the relationship between the masses and the State, occurrence, can also occur in a personal relationship between workers. Every practitioner’s work is essentially all have a little to the units or departments, colleagues of the obligation, to the people, on society, on the obligations of States, namely news work has a certain moral responsibility. In journalism, high sense of responsibility for consciously take the initiative to actively take on their own as the mouthpieces of the party and the people of the sacred, not avoid difficulties, not afraid of setbacks, defy difficulties. Such a high sense of responsibility of journalists on the dare tell the truth and dare to love.
(C) the news business skills
News business skills is the journalism business capacity requirements. Professional ethics are not only as a conscious desire to carry out journalistic work responsibilities, but also excellent ability to present as complete responsibility, only news business with superb skills to excellent performance of journalistic responsibility, better social services. So, good news business skills will have a profound sense of professional ethics.
(Iv) the journalistic conscience
In General, internalization of norms also called conscience, conscience is the standard of people’s thoughts, words and deeds, and scale. Conscience forming a specific motive, intent and purpose, thus prompting people consciously to observe moral norms. Conscience journalism work is public information workers work on information consciousness of responsibility. Journalistic conscience is established on the basis of journalistic work of moral responsibility. When information workers work on their own should assume responsibility for press work has a certain degree of awareness and understanding, when gradually developed a strong sense of moral responsibility, also established his journalistic conscience.
(E) journalism honors
Journalism honors journalism workers in news work life in the spirit of life. News work honors contains two a aspects of content: while, is means workers on own of news work activities by has of social value of self consciousness, is news work conscience in the of shame heart, and pride and since love,; news work conscience in the of this aspects, often can makes a a people consciously in accordance with the news work responsibility of requirements to fulfil obligations, to keep news work reputation, and dignity and personality perfect; on the, is means social to evaluation news work workers behavior of social value scale, is social on workers fulfil duties of behavior made appreciation and evaluation, news workers should through itself of image and action to shaping excellent of career image, to get good of reputation and honors, as not do and own of career identity and image not phase meet of things, more cannot for reduce news career identity and image of things.
Second, the current performance of the professional morality anomie of journalists and reasons analysis
Newspapers, radio and television is the mouthpiece of the party, Government and people. How the concept of professional ethics of journalists, directly related to the healthy development of the news or not. Since reform and opening up, tremendous achievements in the construction of professional ethics of journalism and journalists. But cannot denied, in recent years because news media fast development, news team constantly expanded, practitioners quality relative weak and self-discipline not strict, media management moment with not Shang, legal also enough sound, sake, coupled with current market economy brings of some negative role, and by community some corruption phenomenon, and unhealthy practices of effect and invasion, cause some news media and the news practitioners, different degree to exists was against professional ethics guidelines, damage news media of reputation and image.
(A) the current performance of the professional morality anomie of journalists
Professional morality anomie and acts of corruption spread in the press, have caused strong resentment in the masses. Widespread in society, such as “fire-burglar-proof reporter” and “first-class journalists sell intelligence, second-rate press speculation in the stock market, third-rate reporter series of manuscripts, four streaming a press conference for this newspaper” jingles, such as, despite a certain exaggeration of ingredients, but also reflect the people’s dissatisfaction and concern to the press. Current news, journalists ‘ professional ethics of the profession ethics landslide loss in concentrated form in the following areas:
First, paid news. This spirit product news fully commercialized and implemented to money as a medium of news on the sale. Ads or news as news of the situation is more serious, selling suites (broadcast time), with a certain section or time kanbo content specified by the buyer in order to achieve the purpose of making money. Often the banner of “association with”, “sponsor”, “special issue” form, with a high of concealment and deception. Some even transfer number, sell newspapers publishing rights, serious violations of the newspaper management interim provisions.
Second, accepting cash gifts. Reporters a clear conscience, that provides all the benefits that accept to be interviewed objects, such as receiving red packets, gifts, and so on. Some desires inflated, reporters tend to taste of the weak “sweeteners” unable after, all of the others have only to take, but footage only had to reach out to. Bog down the results, not only lost their jobs or even subject to legal sanctions.
Third, seek ease and comfort. Keen all day long “bubble meeting” or “a place where people gather for various purposes”, like interviews with various “product technical evaluation,” “invitation news” and so on. Rather than basic interview, interview in reluctance to hardship areas, floating on the surface all day, provided through draft interviewed dished up, marking their names published as news.
IV, reported the distortion. For various reasons, ignoring the principle of truthfulness of the news report, especially driven by some journalists affected by fame and fortune, the blind pursuit of excitement, stimulating, provocative effect, nothing in the reports, exaggeration and causing adverse effects.
V, wrong guidance. In pursuit of a sensational effect, despite news reports of public opinion, reports spread of unhealthy lifestyles and values, “four color reports” the newspapers frequently. The so-called “four color reports”, namely red secret (reported that leaders of confidential fun), Golden temptation (relish luxury lifestyle of the wealthy Jorum), yellow stimulation (vigorously rendered obscenity), black terror (depicted in detail on violence homicides).
(B) analysis of journalists professional morality anomie of
With the deepening of reform and opening up, especially in the news media after the introduction of market factors, does not standardize the market order and unhealthy trends in the community has a powerful impact on journalism, coupled with the news media or the reporter’s own relaxed requirements, stream, frequent phenomenon of the loss of professionalism and unprofessional.
First, economic interests drive. Now centered on the economic benefits, to worship of wealth for the exciting point of the social environment, have a subtle impact on a number of journalists. On everything, with economic benefits as, m-bashing. In addition, as the interview is a high strength, fast paced heavy mental work, so a lot of people feel that reporters are youth dinner, only young people will bear up, take advantage of the young “Wen”. There have been some of the reporters but the immediate practical benefits, relax their strict requirements to quality and career.
Second, the political ideological education of ignoring. Some media believes that journalists are not in the leadership on the issue of political principle wrong, an overall picture of other issues. So to receive tend to wink at sth such as souvenirs for gifts, red envelope, bizhiyan, relax to their political and ideological work and the professional ethics education of journalists. Some units, year round rarely have a business meeting, political study sessions very much less.
Third, the lack of effective oversight mechanisms. Some management departments in charge of media reporters conduct blind spot, lax supervision and the supervision, reward and punishment mechanism not perfect enough, once the reporters appear an accident can only sit. The journalists ‘ ethics guidelines emphasized: “journalists are not allowed to solicit, accept or use in any name interview objects such as money, goods, securities, credit card, participating in conferences and activities do not solicit or accept any gifts of sth Shall not use his position to reap personal gains sth “but journalists still be considered a dead letter, go its own way, repeatedly violate a ban.
Third, countermeasures on strengthening the construction of professional ethics of journalists
China’s news media has a strong party spirit, a high authority, a wide range of characteristics of contact surface, a great deal of influence. This requires that journalists in an interview must be realistic and unselfish fair, keep the hands clean, set a correct use of information tools, a mouthpiece of the party’s role. In order to ensure the healthy development of the news, you must set a good professional ethics.
(A) establish and improve legislation into the legal system construction of professional ethics of journalists
Emergence and development of professional ethics, and is closely linked with economic development. Legal system of market economy is the economy, restricting it to accept the economic laws, national legal constraints, accept the constraints of social morality. Press go to market, and also to accept the law of journalism, and accept the party’s line, principles and policies of the Government and restrict, restriction of press ethics. Western countries have legislation the code of ethics of journalists, such as the United States Journalists Association in 1934 by the reporter of the moral law, the law relating to professional ethics of journalists in China also is a blank, does not even an administrative regulations, only announced the all-China journalists ‘ Association established in January 1991, in January 1997 of the second amendment of the code of professional ethics of journalists in China. However, due to the all-China journalists ‘ Association is a public body, it developed the guidelines for a point of legal and administrative bind at all. From a content point of view, for these reasons, which have restrictive terms of the criteria, and conduct of persons for violations of the guidelines, nor a clear approach. This is necessary to promote the legalization of the professional ethics of journalists, speeding up the introduction of the press law, journalists ‘ professional ethics legislation, provisions of lack of professional ethics of journalists, investigate its corresponding responsibility for violations committed, strengthen the constraints on the professional ethics of journalists from a legal perspective.
(B) strengthening the journalist’s own professional ethics
News professional ethics accomplishment is news practitioners consciously in accordance with the news professional ethics principles and specification by for of self education, and self reconstruction, and self exercise, and self improve, activities, it not only including in accordance with the news professional ethics principles and specification and for of reflection, and check, and self Anatomy and criticism and thus and formation of professional ethics quality, and also including in news career life practice in the by formation of professional ethics sentiments and reached of professional ethics realm. To maintenance news media of reputation, again set reporter of good image, while, levels news media and the leadership organs should attention reporter of thought education and professional ethics construction, improve they of thought awareness level, Party Committee propaganda department door, and news research units, and news training units and all news media are to to news practitioners of professional ethics education as important things to grab, boot news workers set correctly of Outlook on life and worldview, constantly update knowledge, and familiar business, gradually improve professional ethics standard.
The other hand, should strengthen their own professional ethics of journalists. First of all to establish the concept of wholeheartedly. For a journalist, was to wholehearted service to readers, listeners or viewers. Reporter issued to each story, are socially responsible, accountable to the people. In covering news, reporter to be impartial, to follow the news value of standard to select, measure, not personal likes and dislikes and personal biases, personal relationship with it in our work to second upholding justice and truth, safeguard the interests of the party and the masses. Journalists should has strongly of sense and sense, in interview activities in the, reporter will often contact to community of contradictions conflict, encountered such or as of problem, a competent of reporter, to to maintenance party and people of interests for responsibility, to except evil Yang good, and fuzheng quxie for own of sacred duties, firmly with that harm party and people interests of evildoers and bad [evil] deeds and errors words and deeds for struggle; then second adhere respect facts said truth of principles. Party of news work of authenticity principles, requirements news workers must said truth, objective reported, objective reported this a concept both means News reported content Shang of real, also means News reported in forms and manipulation Shang to comply with news professional ethics, a abide by news professional ethics, and rich sense of reporter, never will to some has may is rumors of things Rob issued masses, to height of news professional ethics constraint own, pursuit real of objective reported, this is news workers forever cannot shirk of responsibility; last correctly treat hands of rights. Being a journalist, covering news, where to interview, where not to interview, interview stresses the what, not grasp what the interview with report after report of what, not about what and how, in many cases this is a personal decision by journalists. In this sense, reporter is in the hands of certain rights, such rights fully is determined by the nature of the work of journalists, was given by the party and the people, must not be seen as personal capital. Only the Foundation for the public, to discharge a duty of journalists, this right is used on the right way, journalists can truly play its role in the hands of.
(C) sound news organizations internal supervision and restraint mechanism
Sound news organizations internal supervision and restraint mechanisms, to institutionalize construction of professional ethics of journalists, are important means of strengthening the construction of professional ethics of journalists and security. First of all, establish and improve the rules and regulations. System of content to detailed careful, cannot has vulnerability, let people has de sitter can drill, not only to provisions what can for, what not for, and also to provisions on illegal provisions of behavior of punishment measures, makes reporter rules, has system can according to; second is levels news units of leadership to by system do, to system real fell to implemented, makes the regulations not mere formality; last established perfect of incentive mechanism. One hand on the observance of journalistic ethics and make outstanding achievements in the news reporter, according to different circumstances, be commended or awarded separately, and consciously honest, conscientious, and make outstanding achievements in the news should be ample rewards and sum up and popularize their experiences to motivate everyone devoted himself to journalism. People and things on the violation of journalistic ethics, according to the nature and seriousness of the error and caused harm, respectively be criticized and educated, disciplined, serious individual who should be out of the press units, for offenders to be transferred to judicial organs.
(D) strengthen social supervision and established media credit rating mechanism
Supervise journalists and media mobilize and rely on the masses, promoting their correct behavior, correct unhealthy practices, promote their professional ethics. Public journalists provide a fast, convenient means of identification and reporting of complaints channels, effectively combating fraud of fake reporters on the one hand, on the other hand strong monitoring acts of violations against journalists and dealt with. At the same time, establishing a medium grade credit evaluation mechanisms, fake news media credit rating corresponding to lower. Under the restriction of such mechanisms, authoritative media, never leave strong little news or fake news media will come to the fore, loved and supported by the masses, more trust.
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