Boat long history, through the study of traditional sports culture of dragon boat in Guangxi, addresses the origin and development of the dragon boat culture, particularly since reform and opening up, dragon boat races and economic and trade fair in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, proposed to create “dragon boat” brand pillars tourism, promote economic development of Guangxi’s vision.
Dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation. Our nation is one Long Fenglong. Often can encounter in our entertainment lifestyle “Dragon”, especially the boat, its experience of eternal and popular of the wide range is already known to the world. It can be said that it was one of the most traditional activities with ethnic characteristics. Our peoples since ancient times called themselves “children of the Dragon”. Culture is an important source of ancient Chinese culture and the Dragon part, had a profound impact on culture development in China. In many legends about dragons, and thus the derivative of the various activities with the theme of Dragon, dragon boat race is a long history, spread widely, by the people’s favorite, the formation of traditional culture, and sports activities. It’s with the development of society and development, continues today, has maintained a strong national characteristics and style. Decision on the National Sports Commission in 1984, as a formal event for national dragon boat race. This activity, according to legend and imagination not only shaped the life-size image of the Dragon, and also obviously reflected the “descendants of the Dragon” pull together, to fight, go forward, and vibrant gallant temperament. People who watch the dragon boat race, are infected with this spirit and encouraging.
This meaningful cultural dragon boat sport and entertainment activities, bust tradition, generation, mainly because of its deeply rooted among the masses. Not just for Han people love, many fraternal peoples are also very popular, and become an important national events and sports activities in the content.
1 research and research methods
1. Research object
Dragon boat culture and the origin of dragon boat culture industry combined with the tourism development in Guangxi economy as research objects.
1. research methods
(1) method of literature. Through access to books and online collection, collating information about the dragon boat culture.
(2) the method of logical analysis. To analyze the information gathered, arrive at conclusions.
2 results and analysis
2. origin of the dragon boat culture
2.1. 1 totem worship of folk culture
”Dragon” is a singular God of our ancestors imagine animals. Farming peoples, astronomy, weather is the most important, rain xingyun Dragon became as gods. In order to pursue God bless people Totem Festival day (Festival) is dragon boat race, to sacrifice Dragon when the dragon-boat race. Dumplings wrapped well cast in the water on the one hand to the Dragon eats (ancients think that dragons living in water) on the other, each Team must also set censer table, wine award established offering lower reaches of the Changjiang River Dragon (that game players). During the Tang and Song dynasties, race also tattoos, such as the Tang dynasty the boat song, Zhang Jian said: “play something, on the removal of tattoo removal of books” [1]. Boat tattoo competition, aimed at making themselves as Dragon child, seeking the Dragon God protected boat people escaped danger. Reach entertainment with Dragon, please the purpose of God, prayed to in charge of the Thunder Dragon-God of disease-free non-disaster preparedness, good weather.
2.1. 2 to commemorate the predecessor advocated loyalty to patriotism
Heroes in the eyes of the dragon boat race to honor the people, thus giving the new content and meaning to the boat, makes this traditional cultural and sporting activities more nationality and affinity, can stimulate people’s patriotism and the cohesion of Chinese nation’s great.
Said is to commemorate Wang Goujian drills Navy, defeating Wu. Wuyue warring, GOU Jian defeated and captured, eat humble pie in Wu after three years of life, swindled Wu Wangfu difference of trust, was back in the States. After returning home, he is King ‘ s revenge, determined to avenge an insult, established in early May of that year five Navy, began practicing, finally, after several years, elimination of Wu. Posterity to notorious Gou Jian this tough and not spirit, will emulate the Yue Navy walkthrough scenario when, on May 5, the day rowing regatta, Memorial.
Second said in honor of Wu zixu, and Cao. Legend of Wu zixu was hearers to slander, among the poor people by Wu Wangfu threw waves in Qiantang River, Cao-boat riding to rescue. Later generation by Dragon, for saving wood.
Three are in honor of doctor Qu Yuan of Chu. Since to the Han dynasty, legend of the dragon-boat race is to commemorate Qu Yuan’s most widely. Since the death of Qu Yuan and Dragon tears Luo people sacrifice day (Dragon Boat Festival) just a coincidence. Since then, each dragon to Dragon Boat Festival sacrifice, side Dragon, sings the elegy to commemorate their admiration of Qu Yuan. Judging from written records, initially to commemorate Qu Yuan dragon boat competition extinguished only popular among the Romanian soil, some parts of Northern and Southern dynasties developed to the South County, Xiangyang. After the rendering of such a large number of scholars in Tang dynasty literature, commemorate Qu Yuan dragon boat is widely [2]. To the Song dynasty, dragon boat race from civil incoming Palace, guansai even the emperor himself arrived, and the scene is very ambitious. It is known that the Northern Song dynasty, national power failure, the Court wanted to use boat to promote loyalty to patriotism, uplifting spirit of the people, but also want to pray for the Dragon God, too the civil aid service.
2. Since the beginning of reform and opening up, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region within the dragon boat races
Nanning city since 1978, every organization of Grand Dragon boat races. In 1980, the Dragon Boat Festival. Rongan County Karst River commune a large dragon-boat race was held, with 28 men, 13 women teams over more than 3,300 athletes participating, audiences up to more than 50,000 people, a number of foreign guests and compatriots. Wuzhou dragon boat race events are also very active in recent years. A late development in Guilin city, and by 1985 dragon boat activity to resume interrupted for more than 30 years. In September 1984, in hengxian County, hengzhou commune in Guangxi Jiangnan Brigade dragon boat team, participate in the first national held in Foshan City, Guangdong Province, “Qu Yuan Cup” dragon boat races. In July 1985, Guangxi sent dragon boat team of male and female, 59 to Yichang city, Hubei province to attend the second session of the national “Qu Yuan Cup” dragon boat races.
Since 1984, the State Sports Commission annual district-wide activities on Dragon boat races, formed a tradition. Promote a mass boat, Wuzhou City Government in 1986 as the Dragon Boat Festival “, Dragon Boat Festival”, mass of dragon boat racing activities more widely. Dragon boat events held in 2008, to negotiate the trade of Guangdong, Sichuan and other provinces of Wuzhou guest and made a special trip to be well Japan friends along with tens of thousands of people took part in the dragon-boat race.
Dragon boat race in the past confined to urban activity in recent years has been gradually extended, Nanning, liuzhou, Guilin, Baise, Eifuku, xingan, Lingchuan, resources, your County (guigang), tiandong, and in hengxian County, and the Fangcheng, ningming, cenxi, rongxian etc 20 City held dragon boat race events, in addition, many townships, towns, streets also held dragon boat race. Back to the island town of Dongfeng Street, Beihai, 1987 of Hongqi Street, dragon-boat fishermen and stationed Navy soldiers held the friendly; Enterprise yarn of Fangcheng County townships, jiangpingzhen; in high peak, Umedani and other places in Dragon boat race events were held.
In 1987, 5 municipalities and 20 County, Guangxi has 257 dragon boat into the water, hundred dragons appears kaijiang, mass gathering of the world. Guilin to dragon boat activity attaches great importance to, when the city government issued special funds the construction of 12 standard dragon boat. District dragon boat race, held on June 4 of that year in Guilin, there are 13 teams for men and women, more than 100,000 spectators. Among people, also from domestic and foreign guests and people in nearby counties, in order to view boat full of shengjing, work from dawn to dusk, and help the elderly people and children, gathered in Lijiang, mountains, water, and the roof on both sides of the bridge, watch the masses bijianjiezhong, joy.
Nanning, liuzhou, and the North Sea, coastal areas along the Yangtze River has May lunar month Dragon Boat Festival custom of dragon-boat race. During this holiday race boat, the vessels gathered Bay estuary. When racing, one pulp on the boat, trying to guard, it flies faster, the Yangtze River Beach sea, all the city dispatched, for winners winning flags, clothing, animals, etc. Competition in Nanning city, setting off firecrackers is also local, winner award pigs; Dragon Boat Festival held in arenas of Wuzhou city fair, add to the festive style; race mainly by fishing village of Beihai City team, fishermen to return after the game the winner opening the celebration banquet. Today, this ancient national sport, has demonstrated thriving elegance, there was a spirit of national mobility.
2. create “dragon boat” brand pillars tourism, developing Guangxi economy
Solve the funding problem, is an important prerequisite for development and protection of ethnic culture around the world. In the development and protection of culture, take a variety of means and measures. On one hand, increase government investment, establishment of special funds; on the other hand, the implementation of differential tax rates to encourage capital investment into line with the development and protection of cultural. On the cultural development and the protection of a series of more comprehensive policies, laws and regulations, at the initial stage of China’s cultural industry, has a positive reference [3]. In fact, in multiple forms of social funds have been large inflows in recent years cultural area in China. Currently, Guangxi national traditional sports culture of dragon boat has a certain scale, but the lower level also is on small scale. People on the dragon boat culture has not mining, development and consolidation of its resources. There is also due to the underdeveloped commodity economy, cause the concept lags, even the concept of industrialization of the dragon boat culture has yet to be established. Industrialization of dragon-boat culture in some areas have initially began to develop, but required further lessons learned and its drum propaganda, also requires the attention of the local government and relevant departments, some work needs to be coordination and direction of all aspects of Government.
2.3. 1 dragon-boat culture of Guangxi national sports industry and its fusion together to jointly promote tourism and common development
In recent years, the ASEAN countries, increasing numbers of tourism in Guangxi, 2002 only to 17 the number of years of tourism in Guangxi. 50,000 people, of which ASEAN Singapore, and Malaysia, and Thailand has not only become important tourist country in Guangxi, is main destination of Guangxi citizens traveling abroad at their own expense. From 1993 to 2000, through Guangxi travel agency organizations over more than 50,000 visitors to the above 3 countries visitors. In addition, parts of China every year, approximately 500,000 people after such as Pingxiang and Dongxing, Beihai, Guangxi port to Viet Nam tourism, ASEAN became the huge potential of Guangxi tourist market [4]. Due to the ASEAN Expo held in Nanning, Nanning tourism brings new opportunities, into two big Nanning and Guilin in Guangxi tourism distributing center and tourist destination, speed up the construction of the tourism industry. In this rare opportunity sporting dragon boat national cultural industry and fusion together to jointly promote tourism, and common development. Developing dragon boat races in Guangxi tourist attractions, attracting a large number of businessmen, tourists come to Guangxi tourism in China and abroad, to impress foreign tourists.
2.3. 2 speeding up the development of minority area sports, promote the common prosperity of all national sports
Industrial nature of the cultural industry, refers to the economic nature of the culture industry, market behaviour and industry standard management and a series of features [5]. Shiyexing of Chinese contemporary culture over the years has consistently pursued-and industrial transformation was a far-reaching social change. This changes radically change the traditional cultural concepts, associated with the culture and the realization of economic, culture and strode into the economic sphere, which became one of the fundamental components of the culture of nature. Active development of minority area sports, the future social development in minority areas and important elements of national sports development is an indispensable. Should grasp the opportunity brought by the national implementation of Western development strategy, speeding up the development of minority area sports, minority area of narrow gap and Eastern developed area of sport, promoting the common prosperity of all ethnic sports, improving the overall scale and level of development of sports in Guangxi.
2.3. 3 to actively explore dragon boat national traditional sports culture resources in Guangxi, promotion of Chinese sports treasure
Full development and utilization of resources of national traditional sports culture of dragon boat, attaches great importance to dragon boat competition is the national traditional sports there is rich and profound cultural connotation, inherit and carry forward and develop the Chinese nation’s elite sports culture. Importance of traditional national sports promotion in the country at the same time, also use a variety of channels and forms, expanding the outreach of national traditional sports and international exchanges. Active participation in various international competitions while modern sport, international exchanges of national traditional sports activities. Efforts to gradually into the world dragon boat competition of traditional sports.
3 conclusion
3. function of Guangxi national traditional sports culture of dragon boat
Guangxi traditional ethnic sports culture of dragon boat with healthy, enliven body and mind, promote national cohesion, strengthen national unity, the function of developing the national economy, and inspire national spirit. Sports activities, as a socially interactive sites, make people under certain sport rules and moral norms, widen social and interpersonal channels, develop good relationships. It can eliminate closed due to geographical conditions of the various ethnic groups and differences in cultural traditions of the barrier, providing feelings for the broad masses of compatriots in ethnic Exchange and cultural communication of the social media environment. Through dragon boat competition activities, contribute to inter-ethnic communication, improvement of ethnic relations, strengthen national unity. Helps to form a cohesive, Guangxi, attractive outside situation, so as to promote prosperity and stability of Guangxi.
3. direction of development of Guangxi minority traditional sports culture of dragon boat
Increase national physical exploration of the dragon boat culture reform, toward the direction of socialization and industrialization of scientific and development. In national sports dragon boat culture of development in the, thought concept Shang to gradually from closed type to open type change; management system Shang, gradually from spontaneous type to has Organization, and has plan, and has target direction development; evolution direction Shang, gradually from civil entertainment type, gradually to scientific, and socialization, and industrialization direction change; in form by simple of folk sports change for trade, and culture, and sports combination of direction transformation; from Exchange Shang by single of national activities to more national common participation of direction development, and gradually towards national and world.
References:
[1] Wang Junqi. A brief discussion of seasonal customs in the song sports of middle ear [j]. School of Shangrao normal College, (1992).
[2] Cheng of the Tang. Tokyo dream hualu note [j]. Zhonghuashuju, 1982.
[3] Wang Qiang. Social capital: the importance of cultural industries relying on [j]. Cultural studies (1999).
[4] dragon boat race. Culture of Zhuang-Dong language network, 2003-6-15.
[5] Jin Yuanpu. Paradox in the opening up of cultural industry development of [n]. China culture news, 1995-10-04.
龙舟文化
龙舟竞渡源远流长,通过对广西传统体育龙舟文化进行研究,论述龙舟文化的起源和发展,尤其是改革开放以来,广西区内开展的龙舟比赛和经贸洽谈会,提出打造“龙舟”品牌,铸造旅游支柱,促进广西经济发展的设想。
关键词:广西;民族传统体育;龙舟文化
龙是中华民族的象征。我们的民族是尊龙奉龙的。在我们的娱乐生活中经常都能遇到“龙”,尤其是龙舟竞渡,其经历之久远,流行范围之广泛都早已为世人所知。可以说,它是一项最具民族特色的传统性活动。我们的民族自古以来就把自己称为“龙的传人”。龙文化是中华民族古文化的重要渊源和组成部分,对我国文化的发展有很深远的影响。在有关龙的诸多传说中,乃至由此而衍生的各种以龙为主题的活动中,龙舟竞渡是一项历史久远、流传广泛、深受人民群众喜爱、形成传统的文化、体育活动项目。它随着社会的发展而发展,延续至今,始终保持着浓厚的民族特点和风格。国家体委于1984年做出决定,把龙舟竞渡列为全国的正式比赛项目。这一活动,不仅根据传说和想象塑造了栩栩如生的龙的形象,而且也突出地表现了“龙的传人”同舟共济、奋力拼搏、勇往直前、生气勃勃的豪迈气质。凡是观看龙舟竞渡的人,无不受到这种精神的感染和鼓舞。
龙舟这项富有意义的文化体育娱乐活动,之所以长盛不衰,形成传统,世代相传,主要由于它深深植根于广大人民群众之中。它不仅为汉族人喜爱,许多兄弟民族也非常喜爱,并且成为一些民族节日及文体活动中的一项重要内容。
1 研究对象与研究方法
1. 1 研究对象
以龙舟文化的起源和龙舟文化产业与旅游业相结合发展广西经济为研究对象。
1. 2 研究方法
(1)文献资料法。通过查阅相关书籍和网上收集、整理有关龙舟文化的资料。
(2)逻辑分析法。对收集的资料进行分析,得出的结论。
2 结果与分析
2. 1 龙舟文化的起源
2. 1. 1 图腾崇拜的民俗文化
“龙”是我们祖先想象出来的一种奇异的神灵动物。对农耕民族来说,天文气象是最重要的,龙便成了作雨兴云的神灵。为了求得神灵保佑,人们在图腾祭的日子(端午节)都要赛龙舟,赛龙舟时还要祭龙。一方面把裹好的粽子投进水里给龙吃(古人认为龙多居住在水中) ;另一方面,各比赛队还要设香案,设美酒犒劳下江祭龙者(即比赛队员) 。唐宋时期,竞渡者还要纹身,如唐代张建封的《竞渡歌》说:“须臾戏罢各东西,竟脱纹身清书上”[ 1 ] 。竞舟者纹身,目的是使自己象龙子,求得龙神保护,逃脱船翻人亡的危险。达到与龙同娱,讨好神灵的目的,向掌管雷雨的龙神祈求无病无灾、风调雨顺。
2. 1. 2 纪念前人宣扬忠君爱国思想
以龙舟竞渡来纪念人民心目中的英雄人物,从而赋予了龙舟竞渡以新的内容和意义,使这项传统的文化体育活动更富有民族性和人民性,更能激发人民的爱国主义思想和中华民族的伟大凝聚力。
一说是为了纪念越王勾践操练水师,打败吴国。吴越交战,勾践败而被俘,在吴国过了三年忍辱含垢的生活,骗得了吴王夫差的信任,被放回越国。回国后,他卧薪尝胆,立志雪耻,于当年五月初五成立水师,开始操练,终于在数年后,一举消灭吴国。后人为了昭彰勾践这种坚韧不拨的精神,便效仿越国水师演练时的情景,于5月5日这一天划船竞渡,以示纪念。
二说是为了纪念伍子胥和曹娥。传说伍子胥因遭谗言诽谤,被吴王夫差命人抛于钱塘江波涛之中,有曹娥驾舟去救。后世逐划龙舟,作救伍员状。
三说是为了纪念楚大夫屈原。至汉代以来,赛龙舟是为纪念屈原的传说流传最广。因为屈原之死与泪罗人祭龙日(端午)正好巧合。从此,每到端午祭龙,人们一边划龙舟,一边唱着哀歌,纪念他们敬仰的屈原。从文献记载来看,最初为纪念屈原的竞龙舟只在汩罗土人中流行,南北朝时发展到南郡、襄阳一些地区。后经唐代文人这样大量的文学渲染,纪念屈原的竟龙舟更是广泛流传[ 2 ] 。到宋代,龙舟竞渡由民间传入宫中,皇帝也亲自到场观赛,场面十分宏大。众所周知,北宋末年,国势大衰,宫廷想利用龙舟竞渡,宣扬忠君爱国思想,振奋国人的精神,另一方面也是想祈求龙神保佑,国太民安。
2. 2 改革开放以来,广西区内开展的龙舟比赛
南宁市自1978年起,每年都组织规模盛大的龙舟比赛。1980年端午节。融安县溶江公社举行了大型的龙舟比赛,有28 个男队、13 个女队共3300多名运动员参赛,观众达5万多人次,有不少外国来宾和港澳同胞。梧州市最近几年赛龙舟的活动也非常活跃。桂林市开展较晚,到1985年才恢复中断了30多年的龙舟活动。1984年9月,由横县横州公社江南大队龙舟队代表广西,参加在广东佛山市举行的全国首届“屈原杯”龙舟比赛。1985年7月,广西又派出龙舟男、女代表队共59人赴湖北省宜昌市参加全国第二届“屈原杯”龙舟比赛。
自1984年起,每年自治区体委都举办全区性龙舟竞赛活动,形成了传统。促进了群众性龙舟竞渡的开展,梧州市政府1986年把端午节定为“市龙舟节”,群众性的龙舟活动开展更为广泛。2008年举行的龙舟活动,来梧州市洽谈贸易的广东、四川等省来宾和专程前来会唔的日本朋友与数万群众一起参加了龙舟比赛。
过去只局限于城市的龙舟竞渡活动,近年来已逐渐扩展,南宁、柳州、桂林、百色、永福、兴安、灵川、资源、贵县(现贵港) 、田东、横县、防城、宁明、岑溪、容县等二十个市县都举行过赛龙舟活动,此外,不少乡、镇、街道也举行龙舟竞渡。如1987年北海市回洲镇的东风街、红旗街的渔民和驻岛海军战士联合举行了龙舟友谊赛;防城县的企纱乡、江平镇;地处高寒山区的中峰、梅溪等地都举行了龙舟竞渡活动。
1987年,广西5个市和20个县有257条龙舟下水,出现了百龙开江,万人盛会的世界。桂林市对端午节龙舟竞渡活动很重视,当年市政府发出专款建造十二条标准龙舟。当年6月4日在桂林市举行的全区龙舟赛,有13个男女队,观众达10万之多。除市民外,还有来自国内外贵宾及附近各县乡民,人们为了饱观龙舟竞渡的盛景,起早摸黑、扶老携幼,聚集在漓江两岸的桥上、房顶、山头、水中,观看的群众比肩接踵,欢呼雀跃。
现南宁、柳州以及北海等沿江、沿海地区都有农历五月端午赛龙舟的习俗。每逢这一节日赛舟,各船只聚集江面海湾。赛时,舟上人手一浆,竭力戈划,其快如飞,江岸海滩人山人海,全城出动,为胜者获奖旗、衣物、牲口等。南宁市的赛会,还燃放鞭炮助兴,为胜者奖励烧猪;梧州市在赛区举办龙舟节商品交易会,增添节日风采;北海市的竞渡主要由渔村组队,渔民们于赛后还给获胜者开庆功酒宴。当今,这古老的民族体育项目,已展现出枝繁叶茂的风采,洋溢出民族上进的精神。
2. 3 打造“龙舟”品牌,铸造旅游支柱,发展广西经济
解决资金来源问题,是世界各国开发和保护民族文化的一个重要前提。在开发和保护文化时,采取了各种各样的手段和措施。一方面,加大政府投入,设立专项基金;另一方面,实施差别税率,鼓励社会资金投入到文化的开发和保护上来。在文化开发和保护上的一系列较为完善的政策、法律和规定,对处于起步阶段的我国文化产业,具有积极借鉴作用[ 3 ] 。事实上,近年来社会资金已经以多种形式大量流入我国文化领域。目前,广西民族传统体育龙舟文化已形成一定的规模,但还处于小打小闹的低层次水平。人们对龙舟文化其资源还没有进行挖掘、开发整理。还有由于商品经济不发达,导致观念更新滞后,甚至连龙舟文化产业化的概念都没有建立起来。有些地区龙舟文化已初步开始向产业化方向发展,但还需进一步总结经验并进行大张其鼓的宣传,同时还需要引起当地政府和有关部门的重视,有些先期工作需要政府进行各方面的协调和指导。
2. 3. 1 把广西民族体育龙舟文化产业与旅游业融合在一起共同促进,共同发展
近年来,来广西旅游的东盟各国人数越来越多,仅2002年来广西旅游的人数已达17. 5万人次,其中东盟的新加坡、马来西亚、泰国不仅已经成为广西重要的旅游客源国,也是广西公民自费出国旅游的主要目的地。1993年至2000 年,通过广西各旅行社组织前往上述3国旅游的游客达5万多人次。此外,中国各地每年都有大约50万人次经过广西的凭祥、东兴、北海等口岸前往越南旅游,东盟成为广西巨大的潜在旅游市场[ 4 ] 。由于东盟博览会在南宁举办,给南宁旅游业带来了新的机遇,广西将把南宁和桂林打造成为两大旅游集散地和旅游目的地,加快旅游产业建设。我们在这个难得的机会把民族体育龙舟文化产业与旅游业融合在一起共同促进、共同发展。在广西旅游景点开展龙舟比赛,吸引中外大批商人、游客到广西来观光旅游,给中外游客留下深刻印象。
2. 3. 2 加快发展少数民族地区的体育事业,促进各民族体育的共同繁荣
文化产业的产业性,是指文化产业所具有的经济性质、市场运转方式和产业管理规范等一系列特征[ 5 ] 。我国当代文化长期以来一贯奉行的事业型和产业型转化是一场意义深远的社会变革。这场变革从根本上改变了传统的文化观念,将文化和实现经济联系在一起,文化大踏步地进入了经济领域,而经济性质也成了文化的基本构成因素之一。积极发展少数民族地区的体育事业,是未来少数民族地区社会发展和国家体育发展中不可缺少的重要内容。应抓住国家实施西部大开发战略的有利时机,加快少数民族地区体育事业的发展,逐步缩小少数民族地区与东部发达地区的体育方面的差距,促进各民族体育的共同繁荣,提高广西体育事业的整体发展规模和水平。
2. 3. 3 积极发掘广西民族传统体育龙舟文化资源,宣传推广中华体育瑰宝
充分开发和利用民族传统体育龙舟文化资源,高度重视民族传统体育龙舟比赛项目是所蕴藏的丰富而深刻的文化内涵,继承、弘扬和发展中华民族的优秀体育文化。在重视民族传统体育在国内宣传推广的同时,还要运用多种渠道和形式,扩大民族传统体育的对外宣传和国际交流。在积极参加各种现代体育运动国际竞赛的同时,开展民族传统体育活动的国际交往。要努力把民族传统体育龙舟比赛项目逐步走向世界。
3 结语
3. 1 广西民族传统体育龙舟文化的功能
广西民族传统体育龙舟文化具有强身健体、娱悦身心、促进民族凝聚、加强民族团结、发展民族经济、振奋民族精神的功能。体育活动,作为一种具有社会互动场所,使人们在一定体育规则和体育道德的规范下,拓宽社会人际交往渠道,发展良好的人际关系。它可以消除各民族因地理环境的封闭和文化传统的差异带来的隔障,为广大民族同胞提供感情交流和文化交往的社会媒介环境。通过开展龙舟比赛活动,有助于增进民族间的交流,改善民族关系,加强民族团结。有助于广西形成内有凝聚力,外有吸引力的大好局面,从而促进广西的繁荣与稳定。
3. 2 广西民族传统体育龙舟文化的发展方向
加大对民族体育龙舟文化的发掘改革力度,使之向着科学化、社会化、产业化方向发展。在民族体育龙舟文化的发展中,思想观念上要逐步从封闭型向开放型转变;管理体制上,逐步从自发型向有组织、有计划、有目标方向发展;演进方向上,逐步从民间娱乐型,逐步向科学化、社会化、产业化方向转变;在形式上由单纯的民俗体育转变为经贸、文化、体育结合的方向转化;从交流上由单一的民族活动向多民族共同参与的方向发展,并逐步走向全国和世界。
参考文献:
[ 1 ] 王俊奇. 简论宋代节令风俗中耳的体育活动[ J ]. 上饶师专学院, 1992 (4).
[ 2 ] 邓之诚. 东京梦华录注[ J ]. 中华书局, 1982.
[ 3 ] 王强. 社会资金:文化产业的重要依托[ J ]. 文化研究,1999 (2).
[ 4 ] 赛龙舟. 壮侗语言文化网, 2003 – 6 – 15.
[ 5 ] 金元浦. 悖论中开辟文化产业的发展之路[N ]. 中国文化报, 1995 – 10 – 04.
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