Folk culture as a region’s most distinctive culture, tourism culture is one of the important part of the folk cultural tourism development area, make folk-custom culture high-quality goods, will promote folk tourism, the development of the tourism industry. This paper discusses the connotation of the folk culture, folk culture in the value of tourism, and finally the development of folk culture tourism puts forward several Suggestions.
Folk culture is a kind of culture tourism resources, folk culture is a basic human culture, this is the long-term decline digestion and absorption of all human cultural factors in the process, is constantly being filtering, screening and precipitation, and condenses in people’s mental institutions of deep culture.
Folk culture in the modern tourism resources plays irreplaceable position.
A, folk culture and folk cultural tourism means.
Folk culture, is produced and inheritance in private, generation of cultural matters attacks, is in the common people’s (relative to the official) in the process of production and life by the formation of the series of material and spirit of the cultural phenomenon. And the folk custom culture tourism is to show people to view and admire, understand, taste, participation in local conditions and customs for the main purpose of the tour. The folk custom is intangible cultural resources, in the value of modern tourism are increasingly show come out, folk cultural tourism has become the most attractive tourist attractions.
Second, folk culture in the value of tourism.
1. The folk-custom culture is an important tourism resources.
China is a multi-ethnic country, 56 ethnic groups work together to create the motherland a long history and splendid culture. The han nationality and ethnic minorities clothing diet, weddings, entertain guest etiquette, amusement, the national technology, festival architectural form and so on, all have distinguishing feature each, formed our country rich and colorful folk cultural landscape. The folk culture phenomenon, with its rich content, strong local color, distinctive national features, attracting a large number of tourists at home and abroad, to form a our country folk tourism development the abundant resources, has the extremely high value for tourism.
The domestic one sampling survey indicates that the American tourists in China in the main goal is to appreciate the sites of interest accounted for 26%, and for the Chinese way of life, local conditions and customs of the most interested in is 56.7%. Current, no matter the developed countries and developing countries, folk tourism are already vigorous development.
2. Folk culture to meet the various needs of the tourists.
(1) to meet the folk culture of aesthetic demand. Our country all kinds of civil building, the folk dress, folk handicrafts reveal natural beauty of simplicity, high aesthetic value. The development of folk tourism, provide experience for tourists folk aesthetic culture of the good opportunity, often the tourists to access a memorable aesthetic feeling.
(2) to meet the folk culture of entertainment demand. Our country many folk activities, such as the Mongolian festival, zhuang and miao will march of the festival festival, lusheng dance, and so on, all has the strong entertainment properties. In tourism activities, for these unique traditional folk-custom activity, can well meet the tourists in the tourism activities for entertainment, the psychological demand for music.
(3) folk culture can satisfy the tourists spiritual needs. As a kind of folk culture from generation to generation, maintain the social stability and continuity, sustaining the national members of the national emotion. Through the participation, experience the folk tourism activities, for the domestic tourists, it may further understand the great motherland of different ethnic, regional are presented of the customs of different characteristics, feel a long history of the Chinese cultural view, visit subtly activities by vivid patriotism education.
Three, our country currently folk cultural tourism of the status quo.
Folk cultural change in the status quo is: surface changes rapidly, deep concept although change is slow, but many traditions are facing the fate of being broken. Traditional folk culture changes or change or disappear, this is the development of folk custom is a normal trend, and, in some folk cultural changes in the process, we really feel the charm of modernization. But no matter the material plane or a concept level, the folk culture change and some negative effect.
1. The traditional cultural value erosion.
In folk cultural changes, there is a special needs our attention phenomenon, that is the loss of traditional cultural value, it includes intangible cultural loss and tangible cultural loss this two respects. In intangible aspects mainly displays in as western Christmas, April fool’s day, valentine’s day, father’s day, mother’s day into our daily life, many of our young people like all these western festival, but for our traditional festivals such as Dragon Boat Festival and the double ninth festival more and more cold, etc. In the visible aspects mainly displays in our tradition of folk culture activities gradually reduce, some even disappeared. The traditional activities some needs a professional personnel, and now many young people all these activities to lack of interest, more won’t participate, that would give these activities lack of an obvious successor.
2. Folk cultural tourism development insufficiency.
Although China’s folk tourism development of achieved good effect, we adopt “people and folk custom villages, field folk custom villages, folk museum, festival activities way of national ecological museum, folk custom, subject tourism” folk tourism development model, folk tourism healthy and steady development. But in the process of development and there are a lot of problems is not optimistic, and the specific in four aspects:
One is not enough protection, protection way not perfect. To protect the folk culture in the legislation is insufficient, makes the folk culture “lawless”, no training good folk culture successor, make folk-custom culture face “lack of an obvious successor” awkward state, most of the protection measures according to have “hysteresis”, that is, the folk culture after damage to take protective measures.
2 it is the folk culture as “a cash cow”. Take “culture DaTai, economic act in an opera” the development mode of folk culture and economic construction, the relationship between more and more close, have the folk culture of commercialized trend. This development model in a certain extent do more harm than good, as 冯骥才 said “continue to take DaTai culture, economic act in an opera, dangers may be in 10 years before it saw”.
Three is folk culture development forge, destruction, assimilation serious. In order to attract the passenger, create more economic value, some local constantly imitate classic folk culture creating culture, some local blindly pursuing economic benefits and social benefit and ignore ecological benefit, some local actually show some low culture.
Four is vulgar culture YiDu not completely, the dross when essence, even with the feudal superstition, damage area folk culture image, the impact of socialist spiritual civilization construction.
Four, folk cultural tourism development strategy.
1. Fully explore folk culture, improve the grade of the folk tourist products.
Fully explore folk culture, is the use of investigation and evidence collection methods, and orderly development of the folk tourism spots or investigation of their component parts, in order to know a lot is beneficial to the development of the first data, from the point of view of comprehensive understanding of the folk culture development. According to the demand of people improve product entertaining and participation, prominent national characteristics, change a single ethnic village cabaret situation, from religious, social, economic, competitive carnival of folk reasonable, comprehensive development, give the folk tourist products deeper connotation to improve its quality.
2. Rich folk cultural tourism form and connotation.
The existing way to visit more facilities, folk display as folk. Guilin lijiang river such as the national park, LiuSanJie landscape garden belongs to with static visit primarily projects. This kind of villages have important aesthetic value and academic value, can make the tourists eye-opening and knowledge, and effectively protect the integrity of the traditional culture, to avoid the damage people. But along with the further development of modern tourism, pure scenic tour has far cannot completely meet in new’s mentality for tourists. So the dynamic, participation to visit the way more and more get the welcome of people. Through this type of visit allows visitors the way to personal feel local amorous feelings, out of the common road activities get in the body and mind fully joy and influence, and greatly improve the interest and participation of the visit.
3. Taking protective measures to prevent folk cultural assimilation.
To make folk-custom culture is the impact of foreign cultures and desalination, tourism, tourists from residents to two party taking protective measures: education and guide consciously protection and inheritance tourism residents folk culture. First, the government or the relevant departments to gradually lost some traditional, customs, habits, celebration, holiday, religious ceremony, to excavate and reproduce, make folk-custom culture get complete protection and passed down, and use this as tourism education material used. Second, the government or relevant departments should and tourist residents communication, let them know that the local traditional folk cultural value, and stimulate them to their life culture of pride and cultural consciousness, urge them active to maintain their own folk culture, and not to blindly accept foreign culture to change your life. Finally, the government and related departments can also use administrative or economic means to encourage and support some characteristics of traditional folk custom culture activities, the government can for tourism at the age of festivals offer all kinds of convenience, even can participate in organization and coordination, create the festive atmosphere, make folk-custom culture activities to consolidate and strengthen the inheritance get. Education and guided the tourists to reduce the influence of tourism folk culture.
4. Paying attention to folk custom culture and natural scenery, organic combination of cultural relics.
As a kind of cultural resources of folk customs and a prominent characteristics: will move a sex. In addition to the local folk activities activities, attracting tourists, also can move to a natural style area and other tourist city in performance, communication, so as to achieve a higher social and economic benefits. And natural scenery, organic combination of cultural relics, available now opening of the folk LvYouXian and built into the folk custom villages, folk custom area, folk museum, folk custom form of entertainment city folk stunt driving skills, the folk dance, folk snack, folk batiks, embroidery, weaving handicraft comprehensive development, will be unique folk tourism project introduce famous scenic natural, and domestic and foreign tourism city, as a fixed or mobility project, involved in tourism and cultural relics in the swim, make they promote each other, bring out the best in each other.
5. Intensify publicity folk tourism.
To adhere to the targeted corresponding supply and demand. Many development market demand project, set up the special experts department of the tourist market for effective factors analysis. Through television, radio, Internet and other multimedia to folk customs of publicity and promotion also can use some exhibition and expo on relevant information show to the public.
6. The high grade development and use of folk tourism resources, prevent “vulgar”
Folk tourism development to ensure that has charm of national culture can really be carrying forward and protection, we must put an end to wanton profane and distort tourist resources of folk customs phenomenon. Therefore, the high grade development and utilization of resources of folk customs for chess is key. The high grade development refers to folk tourism in resources development, aiming to correct this area of resource characteristic, combined with the region and surrounding area tourism environment, the unique folk displayed the amorous feelings, development construction folk tourism resources, should be on the local folk resources fully investigation and research, based on this, choose the development direction, to determine the cultural orientation, the best possible dig out the local folk resources potential.
In fact, the folk cultural tourism resources contain rich tourist value, and carry on the protective development, realize the sustainable development of the folk tourism resources, not only can realize its tourism value, also can bring certain social, cultural and economic benefit. Positive development of folk cultural tourism will be the folk tourism development in the future and a new way.
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